@article{MAKHILLRJMS20137311894,
    title = {Evaluation of Facial Soft Tissue Profile in 6–15 Years Old Children with Normal Occlusion in Isfahan},
    journal = {Research Journal of Medical Sciences},
    volume = {7},
    number = {3},
    pages = {80-85},
    year = {2013},
    issn = {1815-9346},
    doi = {rjmsci.2013.80.85},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1815-9346&doi=rjmsci.2013.80.85},
    author = {Shiva,Seyed Mohammad and},
    keywords = {Soft tissue profile,cephalometrics,holdaway norms,convex,lip},
    abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate the soft tissue profile 
  changes during growth in a group of Isfahanian children, using the Holdaway 
  analysis and determining the sexual dimorphism in studied group. In this descriptive-analysis 
  study, 143 lateral cephalograms from a group of 6-15 years old Isfahanian children 
  were evaluated and the changes were determined by Holdaway soft tissue analysis. 
  The samples had cl l occlusion, no crowding or rotation of teeth, normal growth 
  and development, normal skeletal profile and without earlier orthodontic treatment. 
  All radiographs were analyzed by the Holdaway analysis. Data was analyzed using 
  the t-test, Kolmograv Smirnov, ANOVA and Duncan tests. Indices that increased 
  significantly with growth were: soft tissue facial angle, nose prominence, basic 
  upper lip thickness, soft tissue chin thickness (p<0.05). Superior sulcus 
  depth had no significant change with age (p = 0.5) and all other indices decreased 
  significantly with age (p<0.05). Some indices were significantly different 
  between two genders: nose prominence, basic upper lip thickness, soft tissue 
  chin thickness, H-angle, sub-nasal to H-line (p<0.05). When comparing the 
  14-15 years age group with the Holdaway norms most indices were in the normal 
  range except: skeletal profile convexity, H-angle, basic upper lip thickness 
  and soft tissue chin thickness which were significantly higher than Holdaway 
  norms (p<0.05). The results suggest that facial convexity decrease with age. 
  Nose prominence and basic upper lip thickness increases in both sexes especially 
  in males. Isfahanian 14-15 years old children had more convex profiles and thicker 
  base upper lips compared to Holdaway norms.}
    }