@article{MAKHILLRJMS201375-611895,
    title = {Evaluation the Effect of Drill Type on Heat Generation in Implant Drilling Site},
    journal = {Research Journal of Medical Sciences},
    volume = {7},
    number = {5-6},
    pages = {118-122},
    year = {2013},
    issn = {1815-9346},
    doi = {rjmsci.2013.118.122},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1815-9346&doi=rjmsci.2013.118.122},
    author = {Fariborz,Zahra,Ghodratollah and},
    keywords = {Dental implants,heat,bone,drill,osseointegration,healing},
    abstract = {The purpose of this study was to compare the heat generated 
  from implant drilling using two stainless steel and one ceramic drill. A total 
  of 60 fresh bovine femoral cortical bone samples were used in this study. A 
  constant drill load of 2.0 kg was applied throughout the drilling procedures 
  via a drilling rig at a speed of 1,500 rpm. Three different implant drill types 
  (two stainless steel and one ceramic) were evaluated. Heat was measured with 
  type K thermocouple from 3 different depths. Data were subjected to be three 
  way analysis of variance by newman-koolz multiple comparisons procedure. The 
  significance level was set a priori at 0.05. The mean maximum temperature at 
  the depths of 3, 6 and 9 mm using Drill b (Ø 4.3 ceramic drill (SPI VECTO; 
  Thommen Medical, Waldenburg, Switzerland) were 35.7, 36.7 and 35.3°C so 
  with Drill b mean maximum temperature was higher in 6 mm and lower in 9 mm. 
  The mean maximum temperature at the depths of 3, 6 and 9 mm using Drill c (Ø 
  4.3 stainless steel (SPI VECTO; Thommen Medical, Waldenburg, Switzerland) )and 
  were 34.3, 34.4 and 33.8°C so with drill c mean maximum temperature was 
  higher in 6 mm and lower in 9 mm. The mean maximum temperature at the depths 
  of 3, 6 and 9 mm using Drill d (Ø 4.2 stainless steel (ITI Straumann, 
  Basel, Switzerland)) were 34.4, 36.5 and 35.2°C so with Drill d mean maximum 
  temperature was higher in 6 mm and lower in 3 mm. The mean maximum temperature 
  was lowest in Drill c at 9 mm depth and it was 33.8°C and was highest for 
  Drill b at 6 mm depth and it was 36.7°C and there was no significant difference 
  between depths 3, 6 and 9 using different surgical drills (p = 0.056). Within 
  the limitations of the study, although more heat was generated in the superficial 
  part of the drilling cavity with the ceramic drill, heat modifications seemed 
  not to be correlated with the drill type whether stainless steel or ceramic, 
  in the deep aspect of the cavity. Further clinical studies are required to determine 
  the effect of drill type on heat generation.}
    }