@article{MAKHILLRJMS2024181231849,
    title = {A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Intrathecal Magnesium Sulfate Versus Fentanyl Citrate as An Adjuvant to 0.5% Bupivacaine},
    journal = {Research Journal of Medical Sciences},
    volume = {18},
    number = {12},
    pages = {939-943},
    year = {2024},
    issn = {1815-9346},
    doi = {makrjms.2024.12.939.943},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1815-9346&doi=makrjms.2024.12.939.943},
    author = {Yedama,Bathenapatla,V. and},
    keywords = {Fentanyl citrate vs. Magnesium sulphate},
    abstract = {Spinal anaesthesia is a commonly used regional anaesthesia treatment
that is appropriate for a variety of surgical operations due to its
substantial sensory and motor blockage. With several benefits like quick
onset, efficient surgical anaesthesia, and extended post‐operative
analgesia, spinal anaesthesia has changed dramatically since August Bier
used it in a clinical setting for the first time in 1898. Comparing the
effectiveness of intrathecal magnesium sulphate and fentanyl citrate as
an adjuvant to 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia for
infraumbilical procedures is the goal of this prospective randomised
controlled research. This study aims to offer important insights into the
best adjuvant option for enhancing post‐operative pain management in
spinal anaesthesia by assessing factors such the onset and duration of
sensory and motor blocking, the length of analgesia, and related
haemodynamic alterations. The study was carried out at Kuppam's
PESIMSR Hospital. The study was carried out between September 2023
and February 2025, a period of 18 months. The study comprised patients
receiving infraumbilical operations. The method of purposive sampling
was applied. The study involved ninety patients in all. The inclusion
criteria taken into account in this research are ASA I and ASA II status,
patients undergoing infraumbilical procedures, patients between the ages
of 18 and 60, and surgeries lasting less than two hours. Patients who
refuse to participate, have bleeding issues, or take anticoagulants are
excluded. disorders of the nervous system or musculoskeletal system,
local infection at the injection site, existence of cardiovascular disease,
hepatic or renal illness, or both. There was no significant difference in the
incidence of bradycardia or intraoperative hypotension across the groups.
Bradycardia was observed in 6.7% and 4.4% of fentanyl and magnesium
receivers, respectively (p = 0.55), while hypotension was observed in
17.8% and 8.9% of recipients (p = 0.21). These results are in line with
those of Gupta et al. and Boules et al., who neither found any statistically
significant haemodynamic deterioration in the fentanyl or magnesium
groups. When used as adjuvants to bupivacaine, magnesium sulphate and
fentanyl both successfully improved the quality of spinal anaesthesia.
Although fentanyl produced an acceptable level of analgesia and a
quicker start of block, it was linked to a higher frequency of
opioid‐related adverse events. In contrast, magnesium sulphate has a
better safety record, a longer duration of postoperative analgesia, and a
slower onset.}
    }