@article{MAKHILLRJAS20072118858,
    title = {A Case for the Use of Herbal Extracts in Oral Hygiene: The Efficacy of <I>Psidium guajava</I>-Based Mouthwash Formulations},
    journal = {Research Journal of Applied Sciences},
    volume = {2},
    number = {11},
    pages = {1143-1147},
    year = {2007},
    issn = {1815-932x},
    doi = {rjasci.2007.1143.1147},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1815-932x&doi=rjasci.2007.1143.1147},
    author = {Charles O. Esimone,Chukwuemeka S. Nworu,Ubong S. Ekong,Ifeanyichukwu R. Iroha and},
    keywords = {Antimicrobial,halitosis,herbal mouthwash,herbal formulations,Psidium guajava},
    abstract = {Aqueous leaf extract of a tropical variety of <I>Psidium guajava</I> L. (Myrtaceae) was used to formulate five batches of herbal mouthwash. The antimicrobial potentials of these herbal mouthwash formulations in oral hygiene were assessed <I>in vitro</I> using a modification of the conventional methods for evaluating oral antiseptics.  Formulations  containing  only <I> Psidium  guajava</I>  leaf  extract  and   a   standard  mouthwash (Minty Brett)<SUP>&reg;</SUP> served as controls. The mouthwash formulations were screened for antimicrobial activities against cultures of <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I>, <I>Escherichia coli</I> and <I>Candida albican</I>. The extinction time of each formulation batch was determined against each test organism. The five batches containing <I>Psidium guajava</I> aqueous extract showed a high level of activity against the test organisms-<I>E. coli</I> and <I>S. aureus</I> comparable to the activity shown by the standard mouthwash, Minty Brett<SUP>&reg;</SUP>. The batch containing only aqueous extract of <I>Psidium guajava </I>had the least extinction time of 15 and 20 min against <I>E. coli</I> and <I>S. aureus</I>, respectively. The study encourages further stability and <I>In vivo</I> assessment to develop <I>P. guajava</I> leaf extract as an ingredient of commercial mouthwashes.}
    }