@article{MAKHILLRJBS20072510441,
    title = {Toxicity and <I>In vitro</I> Digestibility of Creosote Bush and Tar Bush Fermented under Fungal Solid State Culture Conditions},
    journal = {Research Journal of Biological Sciences},
    volume = {2},
    number = {5},
    pages = {571-575},
    year = {2007},
    issn = {1815-8846},
    doi = {rjbsci.2007.571.575},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1815-8846&doi=rjbsci.2007.571.575},
    author = {D. Mercado,R. Belmares,A. Aguilera-Carbo,J.C. Contreras-Esquivel,R. Rodriguez,N. Heredia and},
    keywords = {Tannin biodegradation,aflatoxins,digestibility,creosote bush,tar bush,solid state culture},
    abstract = {Creosote bush and tar bush are 2 xerophilic shrubs considered as potential animal feed after their fungal fermentation to reduce the tannins content. Kinetics of biodegradation of tannins during the fermentation of both plants by 2 strains of <I>Aspergillus niger </I>(GH1 and PSH) were evaluated under solid state culture conditions. The <I>in vitro </I>digestibility and the presence of mycotoxins were also analyzed in the fermented plants. The growth of fungal strain was directly associated to biodegradation of tannins (hydrolysable and condensed tannins) in both plants. <I>A. niger</I> GH1 degraded more than 94% of total tannins of creosote bush while, <I>A. niger</I> PSH degraded already of 77% of total tannins of tar bush. Results of digestibility of fermented materials were 9.72% for creosote bush and 13.98% for tar bush, respectively. Aflatoxins  present  in  creosote  bush  were  B<SUB>1</SUB>  (692  ppt),  B<SUB>2</SUB>  (< 160  ppt) and G<SUB>1</SUB> (< 160 ppt) and for tar bush B<SUB>1</SUB> (182 ppt), B<SUB>2</SUB> (< 160 ppt) and G<SUB>1</SUB> (< 160 ppt). These results showed that animal health risk by the consumption of these kinds of fermented products is very low because are according with the official norms.}
    }