@article{MAKHILLPJSS2008587375,
    title = {Comparative Study of State and Trait Anxiety of Undergraduate Smokers and Non-smokers in University of Jos, Nigeria},
    journal = {Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences},
    volume = {5},
    number = {8},
    pages = {779-784},
    year = {2008},
    issn = {1683-8831},
    doi = {pjssci.2008.779.784},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1683-8831&doi=pjssci.2008.779.784},
    author = {S.O. Adebayo and},
    keywords = {Smoking,anxiety,smokers,nonsmokers,undergraduates,Nigeria},
    abstract = {Attempt was made to compare smokers and non-smokers on levels of state and trait anxiety. Total 100 undergraduate students were assessed using the modified state/trait anxiety inventory and a questionnaire containing demographic questions and questions on respondent smoking status, smoking history and smoking behavior. The study used a two way ANOVA design and statistics to analyze the data and findings revealed a significant mean difference between smokers and non-smokers in levels of state anxiety (F = 9.082, p<0.05) and no significant mean difference in the following; between smokers and non-smokers in levels of trait anxiety, between males and females in the level anxiety (F = 2.823, p>0.05; F = 0.143, p>0.05). No significant relationship was also observed between respondents’ level of smoking and level of anxiety (r = 0.22, p>0.05).}
    }