@article{MAKHILLJAVA20191834579,
    title = {Comparison of the Efficiency of Landmark-Based and Semilandmark-Based
Geometric Morphometrics to Diagnose Three <i>Anopheles Species</i>},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {18},
    number = {3},
    pages = {71-77},
    year = {2019},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2019.71.77},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2019.71.77},
    author = {Tanawat and},
    keywords = {landmark and semi-landmark-based approach,Geometric morphometric,Anopheles barbirostris
s.l. van der Wulp,Anopheles epiroticus Linton and Harbach,Anopheles subpictus s.l. Grassi,malaria},
    abstract = {In this study, our objective was comparison of the efficiency of Geometric Morphometrics (GM) to
diagnose three <i>Anopheles</i> species including males and females of <i>An. barbirostris</i> s.l. van der Wulp <i>An.
epiroticus</i> Linton and Harbach and <i>An. subpictus</i> s.l. Grassi in Thailand by using the Land Mark-based (LM),
semil and mark-based (LMSL) methods of GM. The results of the size and shape analysis revealed clear
similarities of both the LM and LMSL methods. The analysis of wing size based on centroid size in both the
LM and LMSL methods indicated that the wing size patterns were different in all species except between <i>An.
epiroticus</i> and <i>An. subpictus</i> s.l. females. All pairwise comparisons of wing shape based on Mahalanobis
distance scores presented significant differences (permutation test: 1,000 cycles, p<0.05). Cross-validated
reclassification scores based on assessing the accuracy of cluster recognition showed that the LMSL method
was slightly more efficient than the LM method (96 vs. 91%). This study revealed that using the LMSL method
can better separate the females and males of <i>An. barbirostris</i> s.l., <i>An. subpictus</i> s.l. and <i>An. epiroticus</i> than LM
which can be useful in guiding the identification of correct vectors for malaria control.}
    }