@article{MAKHILLJAVA20171684541,
    title = {Production of Interferon Gamma and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 from
Bovine Mammary Gland Leukocytes},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {16},
    number = {8},
    pages = {119-121},
    year = {2017},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2017.119.121},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2017.119.121},
    author = {P.,E. and},
    keywords = {Inflammation,Escherichia coli,mastitis,dairy cattle,cytokines,incubation,muramy l},
    abstract = {The objective of this trial was to study the Inflammatory cytokinesinterferon gamma (IFN-γ) and
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 (TGF-β1) which are produced by bovine mammary gland leukocytes. The
leukocytes were obtained by mammary gland lavage and incubated for 1, 2 and 18 h with lipopolysaccharide
(50 &mu;g/mL) cor with muramy l dipeptide (500 &mu;g/mL) <i>in vitro</i>. Lipopolyccharide was used as a toxin of
Gram-negative bacteria and muramy l dipeptide as a structural unit of a peptidogly can of Gram-positive bacteria.
The concentration levels of these cytokines were analyzed by ELISA. Eight clinically healthy crossbred heifers
(Holstein x Czech Pied) were selected for this study. The heifers were group housed in a tie-stall barn and fed
a total mixed diet. Higher IFN-&gamma; concentration was recorded for lipopolysacharide incubation. The production
of IFN-&gamma; started 18 h following the cell incubation with lipopolysaccharide or with muramy l
dipeptide. The production of TGF-&beta;1 was higher for lipopolysaccharide incubation than for muramy l
dipeptide incubation throughout the all set time points. The TGF-&beta;1 production started 2 h following the cell
in cubation with muramy l dipeptide.}
    }