@article{MAKHILLJAVA201413154409,
    title = {Assessment of Ketamine/Dexmedetomidine Anesthesia in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Nude Rats},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {13},
    number = {15},
    pages = {945-951},
    year = {2014},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2014.945.951},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2014.945.951},
    author = {Idris,Sunil K.,Cheil,Mehran and},
    keywords = {Renal ischemia-reperfusion,Renal ischemia-reperfusion,(CRF) Chronic Renal Failure,ppropriate,ppropriate},
    abstract = {In order to perform surgical manipulations for model development an appropriate 
  anesthetic protocol is important to avoid mortality and morbidity that negatively 
  impact a study. Reversible injectable anesthetics are favored in comparison 
  to non-reversible anesthetics because of the presumed safety. Rats responses 
  to injectable anesthetics are determined by the drug, route and individual differences. 
  The group studies kidney regeneration but researchers must first surgically 
  produce a model of chronic renal failure which requires anesthesia. In this 
  study, researchers report the mortality results of using four different anesthetic 
  protocols, Ketamine-Dexmedetomidine (KD), Intramuscularly (IM) with ketoprofen 
  and Buprenorphine (BP); KD-Intraperitoneally (IP) with ketoprofen and buprenorphine; 
  KD and BP IM and Pentobarbital (PB) and BP, IP. Male Nude Rats (250-350 g; n 
  = 40) were anesthetized with anesthetic regiments noted above. After a laparotomy, 
  a bilateral 60 min renal ischemia followed by reperfusion procedure was done. 
  The animals were given antipamezole, a reversal agent when appropriate. PB with 
  BP, IP significantly improved mortality rates at 20%. This study shows that 
  kidneys exposed to ischemia/reperfusion result in renal tissue damage as well 
  as decreased renal function. The results showed increased mortality using ketamine 
  and significantly with favorable survivability using pentobarbital. Future, 
  studies are needed to determine how pentobarbital provided mortality protection.}
    }