@article{MAKHILLJAVA201413124369,
    title = {Conserved Gene Structure and Function of Interleukin-10 in Teleost Fish},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {13},
    number = {12},
    pages = {774-782},
    year = {2014},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2014.774.782},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2014.774.782},
    author = {Bo-Hye,Ji-Young,Eun-Hee,Young-Ok,Dong-Gyun,Hee Jeong,Woo-Jin,Hyungtaek,Young Ju,Sang-Jun and},
    keywords = {Interleukin-10,genomic organization,promoter,mRNA expression analysis,Paralichthys olivaceus},
    abstract = {Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important immunoregulatory cytokine 
  produced by various types of cells. Researchers describe here the isolation 
  and characterization of olive flounder IL-10 (ofIL-10) cDNA and genomic organization. 
  The <I>ofIL-10</I> gene encodes a 187 amino acid protein and is composed of 
  a five exon/four intron structure, similar to other known <I>IL-10</I> genes. 
  The ofIL-10 promoter sequence analysis shows a high level of homology in putative 
  binding sites for transcription factors which are sufficient for transcriptional 
  regulation ofIL-10. Important structural residues are maintained in the ofIL-10 
  protein including the four cysteines responsible for the two intra-chain disulfide 
  bridges reported for human IL-10 and two extra cysteine residues that exist 
  only in fish species. The phylogenetic analysis clustered ofIL-10 with other 
  fish IL-10s and apart from mammalian IL-10 molecules. Quantitative real-time 
  Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis demonstrated ubiquitous <I>ofIL-10</I> 
  gene expression in the 13 tissues examined. Additionally, the induction of <I>ofIL-10</I> 
  gene expression was observed in the kidney tissue from olive flounder infected 
  with bacteria (<I>Edawardsiella tarda</I>) or virus (Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia 
  Virus; VHSV). These data indicate that IL-10 is an important immune regulator 
  that is conserved strictly genomic organization and function during the evolution 
  of vertebrate immunity.}
    }