@article{MAKHILLJAVA201413104345,
    title = {Household Characteristics and Livelihood Strategies for Beef Enterprise Development in Eastern Province of Rwanda},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {13},
    number = {10},
    pages = {637-644},
    year = {2014},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2014.637.644},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2014.637.644},
    author = {Mupenzi,Cyprian,Daphrose,Musana and},
    keywords = {Climate change,beef value chain,feed resources,butche,grazing},
    abstract = {Consumption of animal products except beef has been increasing 
  consistently in Rwanda. The potential to ignite beef sector development and 
  improve food security and support poverty reduction exist in the Ankole cattle 
  that the poor commonly own. The Eastern province that is the major cattle producing 
  zone is prone area to drought and uncertainties of weather due to climate change. 
  The current status of beef value chain performance, the key actors involved, 
  the physical, institutional, economic and social assets available to the actors, 
  the perceptions, incidences and impact of incidences of climate change are not 
  know. A baseline survey was conducted in two candidate sites selected, the Kirehe 
  and Nyagatare Districts on the basis of perceived risks to climate change using 
  a structured questionnaire in 256 households. Preliminary results indicate the 
  key actors in the beef value chain were similar in household structure, level 
  of education, resource endowment, livelihood strategies and duration of settlement 
  in the area. They kept indigenous cattle predominantly for sale for meat, milk 
  for home consumption and manure for soil fertility management. Grasslands and 
  rivers were the major sources of feeds and water, respectively. Grazing was 
  not adequate for most farmers but they did not use supplement because the materials 
  were not available and costly. They also lacked knowledge on supplementary feeding. 
  Most of the farmers sold animal at or below 1 year of age. But the number of 
  fatteners, butchers were lower than number of producers, suggesting that the 
  animals were sold to distant market. It was concluded that preliminary data 
  analysis justifies beef enterprise development in these sites and a detailed 
  data analysis and market chain analysis is also required.}
    }