@article{MAKHILLJAVA20141324183,
    title = {The Investigation on the Effects of Free and Dependent Housing Types on Cow Foot Diseases and Claw Deformations in Turkey, Mus Province},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {13},
    number = {2},
    pages = {104-108},
    year = {2014},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2014.104.108},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2014.104.108},
    author = {Aydin,Ozmen and},
    keywords = {Claw lesions,tie stalls,free stalls,foot diseases,prevalence},
    abstract = {This study aims to determine the effects of different housing 
  types on cow foot diseases and claw deformations in Turkey, Mus Province. The 
  study group consisted of 1292 animals which were randomly selected and sheltered 
  in 48 free and 33 dependent stables between July 2011 and August 2012. The rate 
  of deformity observed in claws of cows in free stables was found to be 61.48% 
  while this rate was 38.16% in dependent stables. The studies found the rates 
  of cow claw deformities in free stables as follow: 2.3% blunt claw, 3.50% scissors 
  claw, 6.01% sharp claw, 3.13% split claw, 2.63% flat and plump claw and 4.38% 
  twisted claw. The rates in dependent stables are as follow: 1.62% blunt claw, 
  1.83% scissors claw, 3.65% sharp claw, 1.62% split claw, 1.82% flat and plump 
  claw and 1.22% twisted claw. The rates of foot diseases of cows in free stables 
  were found to be as follow: 3.13% heel erosion, 2.13% heel apse, 1.00% interdigitalhyperplasia, 
  1.75% interdigital phlegmon, 1.38% laminitis, 1.00% digital dermatitis, 2.63% 
  white line disease, 4.01% heel and plantar crush. These rates in dependent stables 
  are as follow: 1.83% heel erosion, 1.22% heel apse, 0.81% interdigital hyperplasia, 
  0.61% interdigital phlegmon, 2.2% laminitis, 0.81% digital dermatitis, 0.81% 
  white line disease, 1.42% heel and plantar crush.}
    }