@article{MAKHILLJAVA20131223984,
    title = {Development and Application of a Polymerase Chain Reaction to Early Detect 
  <I>Haemophilus parasuis</I>},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {12},
    number = {2},
    pages = {140-145},
    year = {2013},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2013.140.145},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2013.140.145},
    author = {Zhiwen,Zuo,Hongbo,Lei,Yuancheng and},
    keywords = {Haemophilus parasuis,OMP,PCR,early detection,blood},
    abstract = {<I>Haemophilus parasuis</I> mainly affect piglets during suckling 
  period and the infected pigs showed clinical symptoms at 5-6 weeks old after 
  weaning. To develop a specific PCR for early detection of <I>Haemophilus parasuis</I>, 
  early treatment would effectively prevent phenotypic expression of the disease. 
  A pair of specific primers were designed to amplify a 414 bp specific DNA fragment 
  based on <I>H. parasuis</I> Outer Membrane Protein (<I>OMP</I>) gene published 
  in GenBank also the PCR conditions were optimized. The established PCR test 
  could detect a minimum of 425 cfu mL<SUP>-1</SUP> (0.425 cfu/PCR reaction) pure 
  cultures of<I> H. parasuis</I> and only <I>H. parasuis</I> could amplify a 414 
  bp specific DNA fragment. No amplification was observed while tested with the 
  closely affiliated species and the mainly contaminating flora. From 2 days post 
  infection (dpi) to 5 dpi, all of the piglets challenged with <I>H. parasuis</I> 
  showed a fever above 41&deg;C and all blood samples from those feverish piglets 
  were positive for <I>H. parasuis</I>. Through blood PCR detection, 37 positive 
  samples were picked out in 84 sucking pigs which were natural infected with 
  <I>H. parasuis</I>, the result was verified by dissecting five positive piglets 
  and isolating bacteria from lung tissue. The developed PCR was successfully 
  applied for early diagnosis of <I>H. parasuis</I> infection, early treatment 
  will reduce the incidence and mortality of disease.}
    }