@article{MAKHILLJAVA20131213980,
    title = {Leptin mRNA Expression in the Mammary Gland of Holstein Dairy Cows},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {12},
    number = {1},
    pages = {118-122},
    year = {2013},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2013.118.122},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2013.118.122},
    author = {Ken,Reiichiro,Nobue,Eriko,Hideharu,Sachiko,Kazuhiro,Kazuyuki,Seigo and},
    keywords = {Cattle,lactation,leptin,mammary gland,PCR},
    abstract = {Leptin is secreted mainly from adipocytes, regulates energy 
  metabolism and influences obesity and many other mechanisms. Milk contains higher 
  concentrations of leptin than blood and mammary epithelial cells produce leptin. 
  The present study examines <I>leptin</I> gene expression in the mammary glands 
  of lactating and non-lactating cows using RT-PCR. The amplified PCR products 
  were sequenced. Researchers found that unlike the mouse, the leptin mRNA is 
  not expressed at all in the non-lactating mammary gland and is sometimes not 
  expressed in the lactating mammary gland of cows. Sequencing analysis confirmed 
  two leptin precursors like those of human and mouse. One precursor consisted 
  of 167 amino acids and the other consisted of 166 amino acids with a deletion 
  at glutamine 49. This study suggests that leptin may be associated with proliferation 
  of mammary epithelial cells to prepare subsequent lactation during pregnancy.}
    }