@article{MAKHILLJAVA201211223872,
    title = {Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Two Injection Formulations of Tulathromycin after a Single Intramuscular Administration in Healthy Swine},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {11},
    number = {22},
    pages = {4201-4204},
    year = {2012},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2012.4201.4204},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2012.4201.4204},
    author = {Yan,Zhihui,Yongda,Baohan,Haoting,Lihua,Zhaopeng and},
    keywords = {Tulathromycin,pharmacokinetic,bioavailability,bioequivalence,swine,China},
    abstract = {The objective of this study was to campare different pharmacokinetic 
  parameters of a locally manufactured (Tulathromycin Injection, CONTINENT, China) 
  and reference (Draxxin, Pfizer, USA) formulation of tulathromycin 2.5 mg injection 
  after intramuscular administration of a single dose. Twelve pigs were randomly 
  allocated to two treatment groups. Blood samples were collected by venipuncture 
  of the jugular vein or anterior vena cava, plasma samples were analyzed by High-Performance 
  Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS) 
  using ESI. Mean puls or minus Standard Deviation (SD) of peak plasma Concentration 
  (C<SUB>max</SUB>) Area Under the serum Concentration-time curve (AUC<SUB>0-t</SUB>), 
  Area Under the serum Concentration-time curve (AUC<SUB>inf</SUB>), serum concentration 
  half-life (t<SUB>1/2</SUB>) were 4.32&plusmn;1.52 and 5.86&plusmn;1.28 &#956;g 
  mL<SUP>-1</SUP>, 3.98&plusmn;1.63 and 4.24&plusmn;1.30 &#956;gh mL<SUP>-1</SUP>, 
  4.04&plusmn;1.67 and 4.65&plusmn;2.01 &#956;gh mL<SUP>-1</SUP>, 83.55&plusmn;12.84 
  and 79.25&plusmn;10.64 h for the locally manufactured (tested) and reference 
  formulation, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals of the mean of the difference 
  between log-transformed values for AUC<SUB>0-360</SUB>, AUC<SUB>0-&infin;</SUB> 
  and C<SUB>max</SUB> were within the bioequivalence accepted range of 80-125%. 
  The results indicate that tulathromycin was rapidly absorbed, eliminated slowly 
  and highly bioavailable following a single dose which make tulathromycin likely 
  to be effective in swine.}
    }