@article{MAKHILLJAVA201211173710,
    title = {Effects of Skim Milk and Tris Extender on Frozen-Thawed Canine Sperm Morphology},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {11},
    number = {17},
    pages = {3242-3246},
    year = {2012},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2012.3242.3246},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2012.3242.3246},
    author = {Ozen Banu,Alper,Asiye Izem and},
    keywords = {Canine,semen,freezing,extender,post-thaw,abnormal spermatozoa},
    abstract = {This study was aimed to compare the effects of freezing dog 
  semen in straws in 0.1% fat bearing Skim Milk-Glucose (SMG) extender with the 
  routinely used TRIS-Fructose-Citric acid (TFC) extender regarding the post-thaw 
  motility, acrosome and total morphologic defects rate. Four German shepherd 
  male dogs of 2-3 years under the same managemental conditions on a private kennel 
  were used. Six ejaculates per each dog (total 24 ejaculates) were collected 
  digital manipulation. Two extenders used were 20% egg yolk containing TFC and 
  10% egg yolk containing SMG extenders. Semen was divided into two split parts 
  and one was extended with TFC and the other with SMG extenders at 26°C 
  at a rate 1:1 and cooled to 5°C in an hour. Cooled semen samples were further 
  extended with 10% (v/v) glycerol containing extender (for an hour) at equal 
  rates (final glycerol rate 5%). Following glycerolisation semen samples were 
  filled into 0.5 mL straws and equilibrated for an hour at 5°C. Straws were 
  frozen at –110°C liquid nitrogen vapour for 7 min. Labeled straws were 
  stored in separate canisters in liquid nitrogen at –196°C. Six straws 
  for TFC extender and six straws for SMG extender were stored to be examined. 
  Straws were thawed at 45°C for 60 sec. Post-thaw motility rate of TFC and 
  SMG extended semen samples were, respectively 48.54±8.27 and 51.97±7.51%. 
  Acrosome and total morphologic defect rates were 41.04±9.44 and 51.17±9.05% 
  for TFC; 38.04±13.60 and 46.67±12.68% for SMG extender, respectively. 
  It has been founded that when the post-thaw sperm traits of straws frozen dog 
  semen was evaluated, SMG extender have been successful at least as much as TFC 
  extender.}
    }