@article{MAKHILLJAVA201211173692,
    title = {Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Reproductive and Milk Yield Traits Using Multiple-Trait Animal Model in Holstein Under Subtropical Conditions},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {11},
    number = {17},
    pages = {3132-3139},
    year = {2012},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2012.3132.3139},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2012.3132.3139},
    author = {Yachun,Tahir,Gang,Syed Muhammad and},
    keywords = {Puberty,reproduction,heritability,genetic correlation,Holstein,China},
    abstract = {The present study was aimed at estimation of the genetic parameters 
  and the effect of season and year of birth on performance traits of Holstein 
  Friesian cattle maintained at Agricultural University Dairy Farm Peshawar, Pakistan 
  from the period 1999 to 2008. Genetic parameters for studied traits were estimated 
  using multiple-trait animal model by DMU Software package with year and season 
  of birth as fixed effects. The effect of year and season of birth was found 
  significant on all the traits under study. Mean Puberty Age (PA), Age at First 
  Calving (AFC) first lactation 305 Days Milk Yield (305 DMY) and Reproductive 
  Efficiency (RE) were 794.32±45.35 days, 1172.27±79.65 days, 3553±423.26 
  kg and 62.50±3.56%, respectively. Heritability estimates of PA, AFC, 
  RE and first lactation 305 DMY were 0.17, 0.11, 0.12 and 0.22, respectively. 
  Genetic correlation of PA with AFC was highly positive (0.67) whereas, genetic 
  and phenotypic correlation of RE with PA and AFC was moderately negative. Genetic 
  correlations of 305 DMY was highly negative with AFC and RE and moderately negative 
  with PA. In the present study, Holstein outperformed indigenous breeds in terms 
  of performance and genetically inheritable potential under the prevailing subtropical 
  conditions of Pakistan. RE parameter studied is useful indicator for moderately 
  inheritable reproductive traits and should be considered in future studies using 
  large dataset. Interestingly, the genetic parameters of holstein in the present 
  study were in normal range but the production was markedly lower than other 
  studies in the temperate environmental conditions.}
    }