@article{MAKHILLJAVA201211123518,
    title = {Effect of Gross Saponin of <I>Tribulus terrestris</I> on Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production <I>in vitro</I>},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {11},
    number = {12},
    pages = {2121-2125},
    year = {2012},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2012.2121.2125},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2012.2121.2125},
    author = {Jian-Guo,Zhi-Hua,Yu-Feng,Yan-Xia and},
    keywords = {Tribulus terrestris,saponins,in vitro fermentation,methane,volatile fatty acids},
    abstract = {The objective of this study was to ascertain the effect of various levels of Gross Saponin of <I>Tribulus terrestris</I> (GSTT) supplementation at 0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 and 0.90 g L<SUP>-1</SUP> of incubation medium on methane production and ruminal fermentation in<I> in vitro</I> gas production test, using 200 mg of corn meal and Chinese wildrye grass meal mixture in equal proportion as substrate in a 100 m L<SUP>-1</SUP> graduated syringe.<I> In vitro</I> total gas production, methane concentration and production, pH, ammonia-N, Total Volatile Fatty Acids (TVFA) and protozoa counts were determined after 24 h incubation. Excluding the lower dose concentration (0.15 g L<SUP>-1</SUP>) of GSTT<I> in vitro</I> methane concentration and production was significantly decreased (p&lt;0.05). Compared to control, addition with 0.30, 0.60, 0.90 g L<SUP>-1</SUP> of GSTT reduced methane concentration and production by 23.43, 24.93, 25.30% and 26.67, 28.89, 31.11%, respectively. The protozoal counts were decreased by 27.03, 37.84, 60.36 and 72.07%, respectively at levels of 0.15, 0.30, 0.60 and 0.90 g L<SUP>-1</SUP> of GSTT compared to that in control. The pH of medium was unaffected by GSTT addition. Ammonia-N concentrations decreased significantly (p&lt;0.05) when the higher levels (0.60 and 0.90 g L<SUP>-1</SUP>) of GSTT were supplemented. There were no significant differences (p&gt;0.05) in TVFA concentrations among levels of GSTT addition. Molar proportion of acetate and butyrate was decreased and propionate was increased with a corresponding reduction in acetate:propionate ratio. In conclusion, these results showed that GSTT has a potential to be used as a feed additive to suppress methane emission.}
    }