@article{MAKHILLJAVA201110162893,
    title = {Pathogenicity and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Pathogenic Flora Associated with the Gut of Blue Swimming Crab, <I>Portunus pelagicus </I>(Linnaeus, 1857)},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {10},
    number = {16},
    pages = {2106-2119},
    year = {2011},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2011.2106.2119},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2011.2106.2119},
    author = {A.J.,A.D.,M.I.,M.,M.M. and},
    keywords = {susceptibility,antimicrobial,pathogenicity,Portunus pelagicus,larviculture,therapeutic},
    abstract = {<I>Vibrio harveyi</I>, <I>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</I>, <I>Pseudoalteromonas piscicida</I>, <I>Staphylococcus epidermidis</I> and<I> Micrococcus luteus</I> were isolated from the gut of blue swimming crab, <I>Portunus pelagicus</I> captured from Strait of Tebrau Johor Malaysia and studied for pathogenicity against the Zoea-1 (Z1 stage) of<I> P. pelagicus</I>. Pathogenic isolates <I>V. harveyi </I>and<I> P. piscicida</I> resulted in 100% mortality at 10<SUP>6</SUP> cfu mL<SUP>-1</SUP> and 10<SUP>5</SUP> cfu mL<SUP>-1</SUP> after 24 h and 72 h post dose. Conversely, <I>V. parahaemolyticus </I>produced 100% deaths at inoculation 10<SUP>6</SUP> cfu mL<SUP>-1</SUP> after 72 h post dose. Cumulative mortality was observed rising with the increase in dose potency of pathogens. <I>S. epidermidis</I> and <I>M. luteus</I> detected with feeble pathogenic characteristics. The LD<SUB>50</SUB> of <I>V. harveyi</I> was 1.2x10<SUP>3</SUP> cfu ML<SUP>-1</SUP> (24 h), <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> was 9.6x10<SUP>5</SUP> cfu mL<SUP>-1</SUP> (72 h), <I>P. piscicida </I>was 9.8x10<SUP>3</SUP> cfu mL<SUP>-1</SUP> (24 h) and <I>S</I>. <I>epidermidis</I> was 9.8x10<SUP>5</SUP> cfu mL<SUP>-1</SUP> (72 h). The mean differences among various pathogenic doses were statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). Susceptibility tests of total 662 isolates were under taken including <I>V. harveyi </I>(n = 180), <I>V. parahaemolyticus </I>(n = 180) and <I>P. piscicida</I> (n = 119), isolates showed mixed trend as multiple resistance and sensitive to antimicrobial agents tested while <I>S. epidermidis</I> (n = 88) and <I>M. Luteus</I> (n = 95) were sensitive to all antibiotics tested. <I>V. harveyi</I>, <I>V. parahaemolyticus </I>and <I>P. piscicida </I>did not show 100% resistance to any of the antibiotics tested. From the results of 14 antibiotics tested, we observed that the highest frequency of single drug resistance in <I>V. harveyi</I> was Streptomycin (89.44%) and sensitive to chloramphenicol (70.55%). Similarly, the highest frequency of single-drug resistance in<I> V. parahaemolyticus</I> was to kanamycin (92.78%) and sensitive to chloramphenicol (93.33%) and <I>P. piscicida</I> was to penicillin (80.67+19.33% intermediate but no sensitive) and sensitive to gentamicin (98.32%). Infections caused by antibiotic resistant pathogens have serious consequences and therapeutic use of tested antibiotic is questionable in larviculture of <I>P. pelagicus</I>.}
    }