@article{MAKHILLJAVA20111022533,
    title = {Plasmid Analysis of Fluoroquinolone Resistant Commensal <I>E. coli </I>from Faecal Samples of Apparently Healthy Cattle in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti-State},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {10},
    number = {2},
    pages = {180-184},
    year = {2011},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2011.180.184},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2011.180.184},
    author = {O.,O.A. and},
    keywords = {plasmid,fluoroquinolone resistance,Prevalence,eosine,phenotype,Nigeria},
    abstract = {This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance and plasmid carriage among isolates of commensal <I>E. coli </I>isolated from faeces of cattle. Fresh faecal samples were collected from apparently healthy cattle and were cultured on eosine methylene blue agar plates from which 500 commensal <I>E. coli </I>isolates were recovered and characterised using standard biochemical tests. Using protocol recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Science Institute, all isolates were examined for their susceptibility to five fluoroquinolones: norfloxacine (5 &#956;g), levofloxacine (5 &#956;g), pefloxacine (5 &#956;g), ofloxacine (5 &#956;g) and ciprofloxacine (5 &#956;g). The resistance among isolates against the fluoroquinolones are as follows: pefloxacine, 99 (19.8%); ciprofloxacine, 55 (11.0%); norfloxacine, 39 (7.5%); ofloxacine 26 (5.2%) while the isolates showed least resistance against levofloxacine 23 (4.6%). The organisms also showed considerable multiple fluoroquinolone-resistance and sixteen different fluoroquinolone-resistance phenotypes were observed with the most prominent phenotype observed to be Cip-Nor-Ofx-Pef-Lev. Thirteen representative isolates were selected and examined for the presence of plasmids. Twelve of the representative isolates carried multiple plasmids while one isolate carried a single plasmid. After mating experiments, plasmids were transferred to recipient strains at high frequencies of conjugation. These findings have serious public health implications as fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria could be shed into the immediate environments, food and drinking water sources.}
    }