@article{MAKHILLJAVA20109182398,
    title = {Effects of Dietary Protein on Ruminal Fermentation, Nitrogen Utilization and Crude Protein Maintenance in Growing Thai-indigenous Beef Cattle Fed Rice Straw as Roughage},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {9},
    number = {18},
    pages = {2396-2400},
    year = {2010},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2010.2396.2400},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2010.2396.2400},
    author = {Shengchang,Pramote,Xianlin and},
    keywords = {Thai-indigenous beef cattle,crude protein,maintenance,nitrogen retention,digestibility,ruminal ammonia},
    abstract = {Six male growing Thai-indigenous beef cattle with Body Weight (BW) of 154&plusmn;13.18 kg were randomly assigned in replicated 3x3 Latin square design and fed with differences levels Crude Protein (CP) Total Mixed Ratio (TMR) diets. Crude Protein (CP) levels in diets were 4, 7% and 10% base on Dry Matter (DM), respectively. Dry Matter Intake (DMI) increased iinearly (p&lt;0.01) with increasing crude protein concentration. There was not significantly different (p&gt;0.05) digestibility of DM, Organic Matter (OM), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) and Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). Ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N) concentration increased (p&lt;0.01) with increasing CP level. Rumen pH, total VFA, acetate, propionate and butyrate were not affected by CP levels (p&gt;0.05). Nitrogen (N) intake, urinary N excretion, N digestibility, N retention (g day<SUP>-1</SUP>) and N retention (Percentage of N intake) increased linearly with increasing dietary CP levels (p&lt;0.05) and was affected significantly (p&lt;0.01) by diet of CP levels, respectively. However, the fecal N excretion was not affected (p&gt;0.05) by dietary CP levels. The CP for maintenance requirement in growing Thai-indigenous beef cattle was 3.54 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> BW<SUP>0.75 </SUP>which was estimated by using linear regression of N retention and N intake.}
    }