@article{MAKHILLJAVA20109132297,
    title = {Neutralization of Tetanus Neurotoxin with Various Botulinum Antitoxins 
 (A-F) in a Study to Isolate <I>Clostridium botulinum</I> from Field Samples},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {9},
    number = {13},
    pages = {1864-1867},
    year = {2010},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2010.1864.1867},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2010.1864.1867},
    author = {E.M.A.,H. and},
    keywords = {Neutralization,tetanus neurotoxin,botulinum antitoxins,mouse bioassay,antibodies,Germany},
    abstract = {In a study to isolate <I>Clostridium botulinum</I> from field samples, 53 <I>C. botulinum</I>-like isolates were found neutralizable by botulinum antitoxins using the standard mouse bioassay. The neutralization results of 14 of them were found false-positive due to contamination with <I>C. tetani</I> which was separated from these isolates and found neutralizable by the same botulinum antitoxin types. Due to this result, <I>C. tetani</I> was isolated from other five field samples to test their toxins by botulinum antitoxins. They were also found neutralizable by certain botulinum antitoxins. Supernatants of <I>C. tetani</I> isolates were confirmed by being neutralized by tetanus antitoxin. Tetani toxins were found neutralizable by different botulinum antitoxins (A-F) but mainly by polyvalent type ABE (Aventis Behring, Marburg) and type CD mixture (Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute, Onderstepoort). These results were mainly attributed to the non-specificity of the proteins of some (at least ABE and CD) botulinum antitoxin hyperimmune sera which may contain antibodies against <I>C. tetani</I> as well.}
    }