@article{MAKHILLJAVA20098111867,
    title = {Influence of Drying and Ensiling Pistachio By-Products with Urea and Molasses on Their Chemical Composition, Tannin Content and Rumen Degradability Parameters},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {8},
    number = {11},
    pages = {2363-2368},
    year = {2009},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2009.2363.2368},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2009.2363.2368},
    author = {R.,A.A. and},
    keywords = {Pistachio by-products,tannins,phenolic compounds,silage,degradability},
    abstract = {Chemical composition and degradability of Pistachio By-products (PB) were studied in 3 experiments. In the first experiment, PB were ensiled with urea (0 and 0.15%) and molasses (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5%). Total phenols and tannins content of PB silages were reduced significantly (p&lt;0.05) following Urea application. Their reduction rates were 60 and 80%, respectively. DM content of the treated PB silage with 4.5% molasses increased and significant (p&lt;0.05) reduction was observed in phenols and tannin contents. In the second experiment, ruminal degradability coefficients were determined. The treatments were; dried PB (T<SUB>1</SUB>), PB silage without urea and molasses (T<SUB>2</SUB>) and PB silage with 0.15% molasses (T<SUB>3</SUB>). The "a" fraction of DM in T<SUB>2</SUB> (0.379) was lower than T<SUB>1</SUB> and T<SUB>3</SUB>. The "c" coefficient for DM in T<SUB>1</SUB> (0.025) was higher than T<SUB>2</SUB> and T<SUB>3</SUB>. The "b" coefficient of CP, in T<SUB>3</SUB> (0.339) were lower than T<SUB>1</SUB> and T<SUB>2</SUB>. The "c" coefficient of CP in T<SUB>2</SUB> (0.020) was higher than T<SUB>1</SUB> and T<SUB>3</SUB>. In the third experiment, rumen and intestinal disappearances of DM and CP were studied. Ruminal disappearance and total digestibility of DM, in T<SUB>2</SUB> (46.28 and 54.70%) were lower than those for T<SUB>1</SUB> and T<SUB>3</SUB>. Ruminal disappearance of CP differed significantly between the treatments. The intestinal disappearance of CP in T<SUB>1</SUB> (18.5%) was significantly higher than that for T<SUB>3</SUB> (13.6%). The results showed the dried PB had higher degradability and digestibility in comparison with the ensiled PB. More <I>in vivo</I> practical researches are required at farm levels.}
    }