@article{MAKHILLJAVA20076101376,
    title = {Changes in Intestinal Microflora and Humoral Immune Response Following Probiotic Administration in Rainbow Trout (<I>Oncorhynchus mykiss</I>)},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {6},
    number = {10},
    pages = {1183-1189},
    year = {2007},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2007.1183.1189},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2007.1183.1189},
    author = {Amir Tukmechi,Ahmad Morshedi and},
    keywords = {Probiotic,rainbow trout,colonization,complement activity,lyzozyme activity,total immunoglobulin},
    abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of probiotic bacteria, <I>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</I> subsp. <I>bulgaricus</I> (PTCC 1332) on the humoral immune response of the rainbow trout, <I>Oncorhynchus mykiss.</I> The bacterium was administered at 3 different  doses, 5×10<SUP>5 </SUP>(LAB5), 5×10<SUP>7 </SUP>(LAB7) and 5×10<SUP>9</SUP> (LAB9) CFU g <SUP>1</SUP> of feed to the rainbow trout (110 g initial mean weight) for 4 weeks and the feed was changed to un-supplemented diet for 2 weeks after. During the trial, water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, NH<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>+</SUP> and NO<SUB>2</SUB><SUP>-</SUP> was measured. Blood and intestinal samples were taken from the onset of feeding supplemented diets at 10, 20, 30 days after LAB feeding and 2 weeks after feeding withdrawal (45 days). The humoral immune response of the fish was evaluated during the experimental period. During the LAB feeding period, <I>L. delbrueckii</I> sp.<I> bulgaricus</I> persisted in the fish intestines in the high numbers, but the number of LAB rapidly decreased in the intestines after changing to the un-supplemented diet. In comparison to untreated control fish, the alternative complement activity in the serum was found to be significantly (p< 0.05) greater in all LAB groups especially in the LAB7 group 20-30 days after feeding. The lysozyme activity of the treatment groups were increased significantly (p< 0.05) 20 days after feeding and the LAB9 group had higher lysozyme activity than all groups. The total plasma  immunoglobulin level was increased significantly (p< 0.05) in the fish groups that received the <I>L. delbrueckii</I> sp.<I> bulgaricus</I>, especially in the LAB7 group 10 days after feeding. The results showed that the humoral immune response was enhanced by the using of probiotic bacteria.}
    }