Muhammad  Subhan, Nik Ab.  Halim Nik Abdullah, 
    Examining Hierarchical Importance of Competitive Strategy Components of Penang Port of Malaysia: A Preliminary Study,
    International Business Management,
    Volume 9,Issue 3,
    2015,
    Pages 273-280,
    ISSN 1993-5250,
    ibm.2015.273.280,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=ibm.2015.273.280)
    Abstract: This study is aimed at investigating the importance of Porter’s 
  competitive strategy components for main seaport in the Northern Corridor Economic 
  Region (NCER), the Penang Port. This study examines, priority perspectives on 
  the competitive strategy components from various relevant experts or academia 
  using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. The data were gathered 
  from a study conducted within the NCRC research grant project. About 3 components 
  of Porter’s competitive strategy, namely; cost leadership, focus and differentiation 
  were examined. The findings show the hierarchy of importance for each component 
  to be considered by Penang Port authority. This study highlights new implications 
  of using appropriate competitive strategy for Penang Port growth based on its 
  hierarchical approach.
    Keywords: Strategy analysis;;hierarchy analysis;competitive strategy;port competitiveness;AHP approach;Malacca straits;Penang Port;Malaysia