T. Pranaya  Krishna, C. Manoj  Reddy, P. Srinivas  Reddy, M. Neelaveni  Ammal, 
    Design of Printed Antenna for Heart Failure Detection,
    Research Journal of Medical Sciences,
    Volume 10,Issue 5,
    2016,
    Pages 517-520,
    ISSN 1815-9346,
    rjmsci.2016.517.520,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=rjmsci.2016.517.520)
    Abstract: The main aim of this project is to detect heart failure at the early stages using a printed array antenna. A printed antenna which is specifically designed for an early heart failure detection system operating at the ultra-high frequency band, is presented. The design procedure starts with a array structure that includes a printed antenna and a loaded patch. To significantly improve the antenna’s working at various frequency the array structure is used. The array antenna used is of dimensions 27.0×35.8×1.6 mm. The polarization used is linear polarization and antenna operates in a frequency of 1-5 GHz, mainly utilizing the frequency at 2.4 GHz for the intended project outcome. The final tested antenna achieves a peak gain of -6.83 and directivity of 5.69 db. The antenna in addition to a compact microwave transceiver and an adjustable platform are then used to build a monostatic-radar-based heart failure detection system. The system is tested on an artificial torso phantom to verify the potential of such a system in the early detection of heart failure. The system detects the difference in the applied waves and the scattered waves from the human body.
    Keywords: Printed antenna;unidirectional antenna;ultra-high frequency antenna;array antenna;corporate feed antenna