R. Felix Nitin, R.V.  Mookambika, 
    A Retrospective Study on Lipid Profile and Lipid Peroxidation in Chronic Kidney Disease, Focus‐ Ing on Hemodialysis,
    Research Journal of Medical Sciences,
    Volume 19,Issue 4,
    2025,
    Pages 18-24,
    ISSN 1815-9346,
    makrjms.2025.4.18.24,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=makrjms.2025.4.18.24)
    Abstract: <p style="text-align:justify">This retrospective study aims to evaluate the alterations in lipid profile and the extent of lipid peroxidation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and to assess their potential contribution to increased cardiovascular risk. Data were collected retrospectively from 60 CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Parameters assessed included total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), and lipid peroxidation markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the correlation between lipid profile abnormalities and markers of oxidative stress. CKD patients undergoing HD exhibited dyslipidemia characterized by elevated triglycerides and decreased HDL levels. Lipid peroxidation markers, including MDA and TBARS, were significantly elevated and negatively correlated with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), suggesting increased oxidative stress. Additionally, antioxidant enzyme activity, particularly superoxide dismutase (SOD), was found to be reduced in these patients. No significant variation was noted in total antioxidant activity during HD. The study highlights that CKD patients on hemodialysis are prone to atherogenic lipid profiles and elevated oxidative stress. These findings underscore the importance of regular monitoring of lipid parameters and oxidative markers in HD patients to mitigate cardiovascular risk. The influence of factors such as dialysate composition and heparin usage on lipid metabolism warrants further investigation.</p>

    Keywords: Hemodialysis; malondialdehyde; triglycerides and decreased