Crescentia Madebwe  , Victor Madebwe  , Jacquiline Kabeta  , 
    Back to Basics: The Role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (Iks) in Agro-biodiversity and Household Food Security in the Smallholder Agriculture Sector: The Case of Chipinge (Zimbabwe),
    Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences,
    Volume 3,Issue 6,
    2005,
    Pages 868-872,
    ISSN 1683-8831,
    pjssci.2005.868.872,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=pjssci.2005.868.872)
    Abstract: The paper uses a synthesis of data collected using household questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to examine the role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) in agro-biodiversity and household food security in the smallholder agriculture sector. Period analysis showed that between 1994 and 2002, there was a decline in agro-biodiversity of over 50%. An inverse relationship was observed between farm size and agro-biodiversity. Older farmers (50 years and above), grew more crop types and crop varieties compared to younger farmers (30 years and below). Gender differentials in levels of agro-biodiversity conservation at farm level were observed with female-headed households growing more types and varieties of crops compared to male-headed households.
    Keywords: Role indigeneous knowledge system;smallholder;chipinge