Sasikumaran Sreedharan  , Ranjit Biswas  , 
    A Multiphase Approach for Recognition of Handwritten Arabic Characters,
    Asian Journal of Information Technology,
    Volume 3,Issue 11,
    2004,
    Pages 1180-1187,
    ISSN 1682-3915,
    ajit.2004.1180.1187,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=ajit.2004.1180.1187)
    Abstract: In this paper the authors present a multiphase offline approach for recognition of handwritten Arabic characters called Variance Method. The method is able to recognize a character irrespective of its size ( big or small) and thickness. New methods are proposed for the extraction of feature vectors, and for computing the recognition task.
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