V.O.  Asaolu, S.M.  Odeyinka, O.O.  Akinbamijo, J.A.  Akinlade, 
    Evaluation of Anthelmintic Attributes of Moringa and Bamboo Leaves in Gastrointestinal
Nematode-Infested West African Dwarf Goats,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 15,Issue 7,
    2016,
    Pages 41-48,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2016.41.48,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2016.41.48)
    Abstract: The anthelmintic attributes of moringa and
bamboo leaves were evaluated using 18 gastrointestinal
nematode-infested West African Dwarf goats (nine
males and nine females; mean weight = 9.5±0.5 kg)
in a 12 week feeding trial with groundnut hay as the
reference diet in a complete randomized design. Total and
condensed tannins of moringa and bamboo leaves were
quantified. Feed intake, weight changes, feed conversion
ratios, faecal egg counts and packed cell volumes of the
goats were monitored. The animals were thereafter
slaughtered for gastrointestinal worm counts and carcass
characterization. No condensed tannins were detected in
bamboo leaves while they constituted 0.1% of moringa
leaves. There were no (p>0.05) dietary effects on dry
matter intake. Moringa-substitution of groundnut hay
produced a significant (p<0.05) reduction in feed
conversion ratio (18.0 vs. 27.4 g feed g<sup>&#150;1</sup> live-weight
gain) while bamboo-substitution led to a significant
(p<0.05) increase (45.7 vs. 27.4 g feed g<sup>&#150;1</sup>
live-weight gain). The final mean faecal egg counts
were between 334-384 eggs g<sup>&#150;1</sup> of faeces/animal,
representing a drop of at least 65% but were not (p>0.05)
affected by dietary treatments. The mean worm burden
pattern after slaughter indicated mixed infestations with
no significant (p>0.05) diet effects. Moringa substitution
of groundnut hay produced significant (p<0.05) increases
in warm carcass weight and dressing percentage (5.2 vs.
4.4 kg; 47.3 vs. 40.5%). Bamboo and moringa leaves
contained no condensed tannins of anthelmintic
significance. However, complementing groundnut hay,
the feed resource of choice in The Gambia with moringa
foliage (50:50 ratio), appears promising in improving
resilience of West African Dwarf goats to the negative
effects of gastrointestinal nematode infections and
maintaining productivity under the parasitic challenge.
    Keywords: Anthelimintic;Moringa oleifera;bamboo leaves;gastrointestinal nematode;West African Dwarf goats