Yan  Wang, Yue  Yin, Xi  Lan, Kai  Tian, Tian-Jie  Li, Qing  Zhu, Yi-Ping  Liu, Xiao-Ling  Zhao, Hua-Dong  Yin, Yao-Dong  Hu, 
    The Differences of Serum IFN-β and Antibodies Concentrations in Chickens at Early and Late ALV-J Infection Stage,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 13,Issue 15,
    2014,
    Pages 930-936,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2014.930.936,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2014.930.936)
    Abstract: Interferon-β (IFN-β) and immunoglobulin M (IgM), 
  immunoglobulin G (IgG) are essential in anti-retrovirus progress. ALV-J is a 
  kind of ubiquitous retrovirus in chicken. To investigate whether natural Avian 
  Leukosis Virus strain J (ALV-J) infection has effect on the concentrations of 
  serum IFN-β, IgM and IgG, two important time points after hatching, 3 and 
  18 weeks age which represent the early and late stages of ALV-J infection, respectively 
  were decided to study. The results reveal that the serum IFN-β, IgM and 
  IgG increase at the early stage of ALV-J infection while decrease at the late 
  stage compared with the control chickens which indicate that ALV-J infection 
  boosts the immune response and up-regulates IFN-β and antibody while long-term 
  infection suppresses immune function and down-regulates IFN-β and antibody.
    Keywords: ALV-J;IFN-B;immunoglobulin;ALV-J infection stage;chicken