Hyunjoo  Lim, Junkyu  Son, Hobaek  Yoon, Kwangsoo  Beak, Sungjai  Park, Eunggi  Kwon, Hoyoung  Chung, 
    Apoptosis in the Bovine Oocytes by Different <I>in vitro</I> Culture Conditions,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 13,Issue 9,
    2014,
    Pages 570-576,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2014.570.576,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2014.570.576)
    Abstract: A total of 88 ovaries in the middle follicular stage were used to detect apoptosis 
  using the modified staining procedure with terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated 
  dUTP nick end-labeling assay (TUNEL), Hematoxylin and Eosin. The analysis observed 
  proportions of cells for apoptosis with several options of culture systems, 
  presenting a control (77.2&plusmn;7.0), culture 1 (3.8&plusmn;2.0), culture 
  2 (1.3&plusmn;2.0), culture 3 (72.7&plusmn;6.0), culture 4 (6.7&plusmn;5.0), 
  culture 5 (80.1&plusmn;6.0) and culture 6 (80.2&plusmn;6.0). The apoptotic cells 
  in cultures 1, 2 and 4 were significantly different with other cultures including 
  the control whereas cultures 3, 5 and 6 showed significantly similar apoptotic 
  patterns with the control. The present analysis observed clear differences for 
  relative numbers of internal ovary cells in apoptosis and necrosis. The new 
  circulation method provided from this study with culture media, levels of gas 
  supply (O<SUB>2</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB>) and incubation temperature for <I>in 
  vitro</I> culture systems can prolong the lifetime of cells.
    Keywords: Apoptosis;ovaries;in vitro culture;milk;cows