Jian-Hua  He, Qinghua  Chen, Zenghui  Ding, Wei  Qiu, 
    <I>Achyranthes bidentata</I> Polysaccharide Decreases Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion in Weaned Piglets after LPS Challenge,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 13,Issue 7,
    2014,
    Pages 454-459,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2014.454.459,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2014.454.459)
    Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of <I>Achyranthes 
  Bidentata</I> Polysaccharide (ABP) on growth performance, inflammatory responses 
  and hormones in weaned piglets after <I>Escherichia coli</I> Lipopolysaccharide 
  (LPS) challenges. A total of 48 crossbred (Duroc x Large; White x Landrace) 
  male pigs weaned at 28 days of age (8.45&plusmn;0.14 kg) were randomly allotted 
  to one of four treatments by initial BW in a 2x2 factorial design that included 
  a dietary addition of ABP (0 or 500 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>) and immunological challenge 
  (with LPS or saline). On day 14 and 21, pigs were injected intraperitoneally 
  with either 100 &#956;g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> BW of LPS or an equivalent amount of 
  sterile saline. Blood samples were obtained 3 h after injection for analysis 
  of Tumor Necrosis Factor-&#945; (TNF-&#945;), Prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>), 
  cortisol, Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I. The results 
  showed that LPS challenge decreased Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) (p&lt;0.05) 
  from 14&sim;21 and day 21&sim;28. ABP increased ADG (p&lt;0.05) and ADFI (p&lt;0.05) 
  from day 21&sim;28. An interaction (p&lt;0.05) between LPS challenge and diet 
  was observed for the plasma concentration of TNF-&#945;, PGE2, cortisol, and 
  IGF-I after both LPS challenges such that among LPS-treated pigs, pigs fed the 
  ABP diet were lower for TNF-&#945; (p&lt;0.05) and higher IGF-I (p&lt;0.05) 
  than those receiving the control diet. These results indicated that ABP alters 
  the release of inflammatory cytokines that may lead to improved pig performance 
  during an immunological stress.
    Keywords: Achyranthes bidentata;polysaccharide;lipopolysaccharide;inflammatory response;piglets