Toshiro  Arai, Nobuko  Mori, Koh  Kawasumi, 
    Comparison of the Plasma Insulin and Adiponectin Concentrations as Metabolic Markers in Clinically Healthy Dogs with Ageing,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 11,Issue 7,
    2012,
    Pages 971-974,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2012.971.974,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2012.971.974)
    Abstract: Plasma metabolite concentrations reflect changes in the energy metabolic and physical conditions of animals with metabolic disorders. A reduced adiponectin level in humans and rodents is the critical factor associated with the pathogenesis of obesity-associated atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Appropriate plasma metabolic markers appear to be useful for the early diagnosis of latent metabolic disorders with no clinical signs in animals. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the values of plasma metabolic markers in healthy ageing dogs. Significant differences were observed in the plasma insulin and total cholesterol concentrations in healthy dogs of different genders and ages. Adiponectin concentrations peaked at a young age and decreased with ageing. Apparently, insulin increased according to age. Plasma insulin concentrations were particularly influenced significantly by age as well as glucose and triglyceride levels whereas adiponectin concentrations were affected by gender on multiple linear regressions for all factors. No criteria exist for the early diagnosis of latent metabolic disorders without remarkable signs regarding age and gender in dogs. Thus, in case of dogs, it may be necessary to set up improved age-dependent criteria for metabolic disorders with changes in plasma insulin concentrations.
    Keywords: Adiponectin;dog;insulin;metabolic disorder;plasma;Japan