Goktug  Dalgic, Yusuf  Ceylan, 
    Population Structure, Age and Growth of Sardine, <I>Sardina pilchardus</I> (Walbaum, 1792) in the Black Sea,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 11,Issue 17,
    2012,
    Pages 3194-3197,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2012.3194.3197,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2012.3194.3197)
    Abstract: Population structure, age and growth of sardine from the Eastern 
  Black sea coasts of Turkey were examined. A total of 684 <I>Sardina pilchardus</I> 
  (Walbaum, 1792) were sampled between September 2009 and April 2010 from commercial 
  purse-seine fleet operating along coasts of Rize. Total lengths of sardine were 
  ranged between 11.0-17.9 cm and the weights ranged from 10.20-53.64 g regardless 
  the sex. The sex ratio (&#9794;/&#9792;) was found to be 1.14 in favor of males. 
  In ageing, 3 classes (1-3 years) were determined from 86 sardine otoliths. Growth 
  performance of sardine in the Black sea was lower than the other seas.
    Keywords: growth;Black sea;Sardina pilchardus;Sardine;coasts;Turkey