TY  - JOUR
T1  - Clinical Use of Tramadol and Xylazine in Dromedary Camel Undergoing Soft 
  Tissue Surgeries
AU - Al-Taher, A.Y. AU - Zabady, M.K. AU - Almubarak, A.I. AU - Ismail, M. AU - Ramadan, R.O. 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 13
IS  - 4
SP  - 206
EP  - 208
PY  - 2014
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2014.206.208
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2014.206.208
KW  - Camel
KW  -tramadol
KW  -xylazine
KW  -analgesia
KW  -anaesthesia
KW  -surgery
AB  - This study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic and sedative efficacy of the combination of tramadol-xylazine used in six dromedary camels underwent soft tissue surgeries and premidicated with Intravenous (IV) 0.2 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of xylazine. The combination was induced IV with 2.0 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of tramadol and 0.2 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of xylazine, IV top-up of the combination of the same original doses was injected whenever the analgesia was inadequate or when surgical stimulation provoked movement. A surgically satisfactory analgesia was achieved and maintained in all camels by this combination except in two camels that underwent perineal laceration and castration showing signs of distress and pain as the injection dose was insufficient even after a supplemental dose at the same original dose was administered. Mean time&plusmn;SD from administration of the combination of tramadol-xylazine until end of operation was 39.5&plusmn;10.1 min. This study concludes that the combination of tramadol-xyalzine was effective and safe to use in camels and suggests that combination can be improved upon by combining with local analgesic drug to achieve adequate depth of analgesia.
ER  -