TY  - JOUR
T1  - Hematological and Biochemical Responses of the Flowerhorn Fish to Hypoxia
AU - Kupittayanant, Pakanit AU - Kinchareon, Wichitta 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 10
IS  - 20
SP  - 2631
EP  - 2638
PY  - 2011
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2011.2631.2638
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2011.2631.2638
KW  - Flowerhorn
KW  -hypoxia
KW  -hematology
KW  -blood chemistry
KW  -fish
KW  -oxygen debt
AB  - Hematological and biochemical responses of the flowerhorn fish (<I>Amphilophus trimaculatus</I> x<I> Amphilophus citrinelllus </I>x <I>Vieja synspilum</I>) and their surviving strategies to hypoxia were investigated. Male and female flowerhorn fish were divided into five groups. Each group contained tree replications of five groups and was exposed to hypoxia by the substitution of nitrogen for oxygen for 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Blood sample was collected from the caudal vein and physiological-biochemical blood parameters analyzed. The results showed that hypoxia caused a significant increase in ventilation rate. Hematological parameters including red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration were significantly increased in fish exposed to hypoxia whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration remained the same. In addition, hypoxia caused significant increases in serum glucose, alanine amino-transferase, aspartate amino-transferase, creatine kinase and blood urea nitrogen. However, cholesterol and creatinine were significantly decreased. The effects of hypoxia on those parameters occurred in a time dependent manner. Changes in hematological parameters fully recovered after 1 week oxygen replenishment whereas biochemical parameters slowly returned to control levels. These suggest that acute hypoxia in the flowerhorn fish up to 48 h can affect physiology functions as indicated by changes in hematological and biological parameters. Alteration of most physiological functions can be restored by repayment of oxygen debt. The results also suggest that the flowerhorn fish coped with hypoxic condition by using both energy saving strategies and by attempting to increase the oxygen extraction capacity.
ER  -