TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparative Estimation on Three-Way Heterosis in Pigs Reveals Genetic Bias of the Widely Used Empirical Formula
AU - , Xiang Li AU - , Yubo Zhang AU - , Zhonglin Tang AU - , Mei Yu AU - , Bang Liu AU - , Bin Fan AU - , Shanping Xu AU - , Zhongzhen Peng AU - , Shu-hong Zhao AU - , Mengjin Zhu 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 8
IS  - 6
SP  - 1212
EP  - 1218
PY  - 2009
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2009.1212.1218
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2009.1212.1218
KW  - Pigs
KW  -3-way heterosis
KW  -empirical formula
KW  -Cockerham’s model
KW  -genetic component
KW  -genetic bias
AB  - The objective of this study is to explore the genetic bias of the empirical formula which was widely used to estimate the magnitude of 3-way heterosis in the pig industry of China. Additive and dominance genetic components partitioned from the Cockerham's model were used to derive the expectation of the heterosis effect from the 3-way crossbreds, which witnessed that the theoretical genetic bias of the expectation between the empirical formula and the Cockerham's model is half of the magnitude of heterosis of F<SUB>1</SUB> single-cross. Following this research, we made a case analysis to reveal the difference of 3-way heterosis between the empirical formula and the Cockerham's model by using the field performance test data of economically important traits involving in growth, carcass and meat quality traits in pigs. The results indicated that the veracity of the empirical formula for 3-way heterosis estimation is conditional and for those traits with remarkable heterosis effects in F<SUB>1</SUB> single-cross generation, other alternative estimation methods should be taken into account.
ER  -