@article{MAKHILLRJMS2024181031677,
    title = {Risk Factors Contributing to Facial Melanosis in Women‐Insights from a Case Control Study},
    journal = {Research Journal of Medical Sciences},
    volume = {18},
    number = {10},
    pages = {625-628},
    year = {2024},
    issn = {1815-9346},
    doi = {makrjms.2024.10.625.628},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1815-9346&doi=makrjms.2024.10.625.628},
    author = {P.A.,A.J.S.,Azeem and},
    keywords = {Facial melanosis, risk factors, women, sun exposure, skinlightening products, hormonal imbalance},
    abstract = {<p style="text-align:justify">Facial melanosis, commonly known as hyper pigmentation or melasma, is a prevalent skin condition affecting women, particularly in urban populations. The etiology is multi factorial, involving genetic, environmental and hormonal factors. However, specific risk factors contributing to facial melanosis in women remain inadequately understood. This case‐control study aimed to evaluate these risk factors in a sample of women with facial melanosis. A case‐control study was conducted with 50 women, divided equally into cases (n=25) with facial melanosis and controls (n=25) without. Data were collected through structured interviews and clinical examination. Socio‐demographic, lifestyle, hormonal and environmental factors were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi‐square tests for categorical variables and t‐tests for continuous data. The study revealed significant associations between facial melanosis and prolonged sun exposure (88% vs. 40%, p=0.001), use of skin‐lightening products (68% vs. 28%, p=0.004), and hormonal imbalance (44% vs. 16%, p=0.032) in cases compared to controls. Additionally, the use of oral contraceptives was more frequent among cases (56% vs. 24%, p=0.028). No significant difference was found in smoking history between cases and controls (p=0.180). This study suggests that environmental factors such as sun exposure, use of skin‐lightening products and hormonal influences play a significant role in the development of facial melanosis in women. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies, including sun protection and regulation of cosmetic use.</p>
}
    }