@article{MAKHILLJAVA20191834581,
    title = {Pathogenicity and Immunogenicity of Live Attenuated and
Inactivated Fowl Adenovirus in Commercial Broiler Chickens},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {18},
    number = {3},
    pages = {84-91},
    year = {2019},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2019.84.91},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2019.84.91},
    author = {M.,M.S. and},
    keywords = {Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV),commercial broiler chicken,live attenuated,inactivated,pathogenicity,immunogenicity},
    abstract = {Fowl Adenovirus (FAdV) is a non-enveloped DNA virus which is the primary pathogen of Inclusion
Body Hepatitis (IBH) in chickens. IBH outbreaks were reported worldwide and was first reported in Malaysia
in 2005 due to FAdV strain of serotype 8b infection. It was objective of the study to determine pathogenicity
and immunogenicity of live attenuated and/or inactivated FAdV strain of serotype 8b (UPM1137) of Malaysian isolate in commercial broiler chickens. The 54, 1-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were divided into four groups, namely groups A-D. Feed and water were provided ad-libitum. The chicks in groups A-C were inoculated with inactivated FAdV (0.2 mL) with virus titer of 10<sup>6.5</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub> /0.2 mL, live attenuated FAdV (0.1 mL) with virus titer of 10<sup>5.2</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub> /0.1 mL and the combination of the inactivated (0.2 mL) and live attenuated (0.1 mL) FAdV,
respectively at day old and day 14 post-inoculation (pi). Body weight and blood samples were collected prior to necropsy at days 14 and 28 pi, except sampling was also conducted at day 0 pi in the group D (control). On
necropsy, the gross lesions and liver weight were recorded and samples of liver were collected for histological
examination. The study showed that neither clinical signs nor gross and histological lesions were recorded in
all group of chickens throughout the trial. The body weight of chickens at days 14 and 28 pi were not
significantly different (p>0.05) among all the groups. The liver to body weight ratio of group C was significantly
higher (p<0.05) than groups A and D at day 28 pi. The FAdV antibody titer in group D (control) was 938&plusmn;1596
on day old and was not detected at days 14 and 28 pi. However, the FAdV antibody was induced at high titer
in all the inoculated groups at days 14 and 28 pi. The FAdV antibody titer of group C was significantly (p<0.05)
higher than groups A and B at day 28 pi. It was concluded that the live attenuated and inactivated FAdV are
safe and able to induce FAdV antibody titer in broiler chickens with moderate level of maternally derived
antibody at day old of age. The combination of live attenuated and inactivated FAdV was able to induce higher
antibody titer when compared to sole use of live attenuated or inactivated FAdV. It has high potential to be
used as vaccination strategy against IBH outbreaks.}
    }