P.B.  Krishnan, K. Venkateshwara Rao, Kunal K. Mehra, J.  Chaitanya, Sanjay  Parchuri, M.  Dileep, 
    Optimizing Stone Treatment: A Review of Single‐Session Bilateral RIRS with Superpulsed Thulium Fibre Laser,
    Research Journal of Medical Sciences,
    Volume 19,Issue 3,
    2025,
    Pages 5-8,
    ISSN 1815-9346,
    makrjms.2025.3.5.8,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=makrjms.2025.3.5.8)
    Abstract: <p style="text-align:justify">Urolithiasis is a prevalent global condition, with a lifetime risk of stone formation reaching 10‐12% in males and 6‐8% in females. Bilateral renal calculi account for 1‐3% of cases, with an increasing trend. Traditionally managed with staged procedures, technological advancements have enabled single‐session bilateral retrograde intra renal surgery (SSB‐RIRS). This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of SSB‐RIRS using a superpulsed thulium fiber laser (TFL). A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent single‐session bilateral RIRS with the super pulsed thulium fibre laser between Jan 2024 to June 2024 for a period of 6 months. Data on patient demographics, stone characteristics, operative parameters, stone‐free rates (SFR), complications and postoperative outcomes were collected and analyzed. A total of 50 patients underwent single‐session bilateral RIRS. The mean stone size was 10.06&plusmn;0.78 mm and the operative time averaged 74.5&plusmn;7.69 minutes. The overall stone‐free rate was 90%, with a minimal complication rate of Fever (8%), hematuria (6%), sepsis (2%). No significant perioperative complications were observed. Postoperative outcomes indicated rapid recovery with minimal morbidity and no patients required staged procedures or secondary interventions. SSB‐RIRS using TFL is a safe and effective procedure for bilateral renal stones, offering a high success rate and minimal morbidity. Technological advancements in flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy contribute to improved outcomes and reduced need for staged procedures.</p>

    Keywords: Bilateral renal calculi; retrograde intra renal surgery (RIRS); thulium fiber laser (TFL); stone‐free rate (SFR); minimally invasive urology