Yanmin  Zhou, Ming  Qian, Min  Liu, Mengna  Duan, Haiyang  Zhang, Zhe  Wu, 
    Substance P Induce Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 12,Issue 8,
    2013,
    Pages 863-867,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2013.863.867,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2013.863.867)
    Abstract: Substance P (SP) is known to play an important role in bone 
  mineralization. However, little is known about the potential of substance P 
  as an osteogenic inducer in human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs) <I>in 
  vitro</I>. Therefore, the aim of this study to investigate the effects of substance 
  P on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs <I>in vitro</I>. 
  Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs) derived from wasted adipose tissue 
  in liposuction operation were cultured. Expression of the SP receptor (NK1) 
  was detected by RT-PCR. Effects of SP on proliferation and differentiation of 
  hADSCs were studied, moreover alkaline phosphatase activity was also assayed. 
  It was found that the NK1 receptor was expressed in hADSCs. SP stimulated the 
  proliferation of hADSCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Higher concentrations 
  (10G<SUP>8</SUP> M) of SP increased alkaline phosphatase activity and enhanced 
  differentiated in hADSCs. NK1 receptors are expressed by hADSCs and SP stimulates 
  osteoblast differentiation and function <I>in vitro</I>. These findings strengthen 
  the knowledge about the role of SP in hADSCs.
    Keywords: Substance P;osteogenic differentiation;human adipose-derived stem cells;in vitro;RT-PCR