Sittisak Khampa  , Pala Chaowarat  , ungson Singhalert  , Ruangyote Pilajun  , Metha Wanapat  , 
    Supplementation of Yeast Fermented Cassava Chip as a Replacement Concentrate on Rumen Fermentation Efficiency and Digestibility of Nutrients in Heifer,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 8,Issue 6,
    2009,
    Pages 1091-1095,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2009.1091.1095,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2009.1091.1095)
    Abstract: Ten, 1 year old of dairy heifers with initial body weight of 150&plusmn;10 kg were randomly divided into 2 groups and received concentrate at 14% CP (T<SUB>1</SUB>) and Yeast Fermented Cassava Chip (YFCC) (T<SUB>2</SUB>). The cows were offered the treatment concentrate at 1% BW and urea-treated rice straw was fed <I>ad libitum</I>. Means were compared using t-test. All animals were kept in individual pens and received free access to water. The results have revealed that replacement of YFCC on feed intake was non-significantly different, while Average Daily Gain (ADG) and digestibility of nutrients were higher (p&lt;0.05) in heifer fed YFCC (T<SUB>2</SUB>) treatments than received concentrate at 14% CP (T<SUB>1</SUB>) (254.3 and 219.4 g day<SUP>-1</SUP>). In addition, the ruminal pH, ammonia-nitrogen and blood urea nitrogen concentration were significantly different (p&lt;0.05). The concentration of volatile fatty acid was significantly different especially the concentration of propionic acid was slightly higher in heifer receiving T<SUB>2</SUB> than T<SUB>1</SUB>. Supplementation of YFCC (T<SUB>2</SUB>) could improve population of bacteria and fungal zoospore, but decreased populations of <I>Holotrich</I> and <I>Entodiniomorph</I> protozoa in rumen (p&lt;0.05). The results indicate that supplementation of Yeast Fermented Cassava Chip (YFCC) as a replacement concentrate at 14% CP could improve rumen fermentation efficiency and digestibility of nutrients in dairy heifers.
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisae;cassava chip;rumen fermentation;heifer;Yeast;digestibility