Mansour F. Hussein  , A.R. Gar El Nabi  , 
    Serological Evidence of Leptospirosis in Camels in Saudi Arabia,
    Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,
    Volume 8,Issue 5,
    2009,
    Pages 1010-1012,
    ISSN 1680-5593,
    javaa.2009.1010.1012,
    (https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2009.1010.1012)
    Abstract: Urine samples collected aseptically from the urinary bladders of 36 slaughtered indigenous camels were examined for leptospirosis by dark field microscopy and culture; all samples were negative. On the other hand, out of 90 Saudi camels' tested serologically for leptospirosis using the plate agglutination test, 6 (6.7%) were positive for leptospiral antibodies (<I>L. autumnalis</I>). This is the first serological record of camel leptospirosis in Saudi Arabia.
    Keywords: Leptospirosis;L. autumnalis;camels;Saudi Arabia;antibodies;serovar