TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Protocol Verification of Ketamine and Propofol Combination (Ketofol) by Heart Rate Variability in Dogs
AU - Kim, Seunghyun AU - Park, Woo-Dae AU - Lee, Soo-Han AU - Park, Woo-Young AU - JeongJeong, Soon- AU - Jeong, Moon-Jin AU - Ahn, Taeho AU - Kang, Seongsoo AU - Bae, Chun-Sik 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 14
IS  - 5
SP  - 119
EP  - 124
PY  - 2015
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2015.119.124
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2015.119.124
KW  - Ketamine
KW  -propofol
KW  -ketofol
KW  -procedural sedation and analgesia
KW  -drug interaction
KW  -heart rate variability
AB  - In veterinary medicine, an appropriate Procedural Sedation and Analgesia (PSA) protocol is necessary for diagnostic procedures and treatment. To optimize methods for the use of a ketamine and propofol combination (ketofol) for PSA and to provide basic information pertaining to its cardiovascular effects, we investigated the cardiovascular effects of different concentrations of ketofol in beagles. Three dogs per group received either a single bolus of intravenous propofol 8 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> (group P) or propofol 8 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> in combination with different doses of ketamine (0.8 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, group 10:1; 2 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, group 10:2.5; 4 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, group 10:5). Heart rate variability was recorded for 3 min prior to anesthesia and at 0, 5, 10 and 30 min after administration of propofol or ketofol. Blood pressure was recorded before anesthesia and at 5, 10 and 15 min during anesthesia. To evaluate anesthesia time, the time from administration of propofol or ketofol to lifting of the head was recorded. Recovery from anesthesia was evaluated by observing the waking condition of the dogs after anesthesia in order to check for behavioral changes. The maximum heart rate during anesthesia was also measured. Ketofol showed a positive synergistic effect that complemented the opposing autonomic nervous system effects of each drug. Our results suggested that 10:2.5 ketofol may be a suitable and relatively safe PSA method for anesthesia in dogs.
ER  -