TY  - JOUR
T1  - Antimicrobial Activities of Selected Mangrove Plants on Fish Pathogenic Bacteria
AU - Laith, A.A. AU - Najiah, M. AU - Zain, S.M. AU - Effendy A.W., S.H.M. AU - T.M., T. Sifzizul AU - Nadirah, M. AU - Habsah, M. 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
SP  - 234
EP  - 240
PY  - 2012
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2012.234.240
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2012.234.240
KW  - Antimicrobial activities
KW  -mangrove plant
KW  -MIC
KW  -MBC
KW  -LC50
KW  -Malaysia
AB  - The objective of this study was to conduct <I>in vitro</I> study of antimicrobial properties of mangrove plants <I>Sonneratia caseolaris</I> and <I>Rhizophora apiculata</I> against fish pathogenic bacteria. Leaves of mangrove plant were collected from area nearby University Malaysia Terengganu. Methanol extracts of mangrove plants were obtained by using Soxhlet extractor. The bacterial cultures used were <I> Klebsiella  pneumoniae</I>, <I>Shigella  dysenteriae</I>, <I> Enterobacter  cloacae</I>, <I> Enterobacter  sakazakii</I>, <I> Enterobacter  brevis</I>, <I>Chryseobacterium indologenes</I>, <I> Stenotrophomonas  maltophilia</I> and <I>Aeromonas hydrophila</I> isolated from fish. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that the bacteria were 87.5% resistant towards colistin sulphate and 62.5% sensitive to fosfomycin. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of <I>Sonneratia caseolaris</I> and <I>Rhizophora apiculata</I> ranges from 1.56-6.25 and 12.5-25 mg mL<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The lowest Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value was 12.5 mg mL<SUP>-1</SUP> of <I> Sonneratia caseolaris</I> and 25 mg mL<SUP>-1</SUP> of <I> Rhizophora  apiculata</I>. The highest activity with LC<SUB>50</SUB> of <I> Sonneratia  caseolaris</I> was 6.16 mg mL<SUP>-1</SUP> and <I> Rhizophora  apiculata</I> was 0.76 mg mL<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. Methanol extracts of <I>Sonneratia  caseolaris</I> was effective on all gram negative bacteria (<I>Klebsiella pneumoniae</I>, <I>Shigella dysenteriae</I>, <I> Enterobacter cloacae</I>, <I> Enterobacter sakazakii</I>, <I> Enterobacter brevis</I>, <I>Chryseobacterium indologenes</I>, <I>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</I> and <I>Aeromonas hydrophila</I>) when compared to <I>Rhizophora apiculata</I>.
ER  -