TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Biological and Chemical Additives on Fermentation Responses and Degradation Characteristics of Whole Crop Barely Silage
AU - Vakili, A.R. AU - Heravi Mousavi, A. AU - Danesh Mesgaran, M. AU - Vatandoost, M. 
JO  - Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances
VL  - 9
IS  - 10
SP  - 1452
EP  - 1457
PY  - 2010
DA  - 2001/08/19
SN  - 1680-5593
DO  - javaa.2010.1452.1457
UR  - https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?doi=javaa.2010.1452.1457
KW  - organic acid additives
KW  -inoculants
KW  -ammonium propionate
KW  -Whole crop barley
KW  -in situ degradability
KW  -Iran
AB  - Whole crop barley was harvested (about 35% DM), chopped and then ensiled used laboratory scale silos (3.25&plusmn;0.25 kg). The forage was ensiled as Untreated (UT) or treated using the following additives; formic acid (3.4 or 6.8 mL kg<SUP>-1</SUP> DM; F3 or F6, respectively) acetic acid (3 or 4 mL kg<SUP>-1</SUP> DM; A3 or A4, respectively) propionic acid (3 or 6 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of DM; P3 or P6, respectively) ammonium propionate (0.75, 1 or 1.5 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP> of DM; API 0.75 or AP1.5, respectively) <I>Lactobacillus plantarum</I> (8x1010 CFU (LP8) or 16x1010 CFU (LP16) per g of DM) or mixed with <I>Pediococcus pentosaceus</I> plus <I>Propionbacter freudenreichii</I> (5.5x1010 CFU (PP5.5) or 11x1010 CFU (PP11) per g of DM). Four replicates were performed for each treatment. Chemical composition, silage extracts pH and NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N and <I>in situ</I> ruminal degradation parameters of DM, CP and NDF were determined. The additives caused a significant difference in the silage regarding chemical composition. Short chain organic acids did not have a significant effect on NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N and CP but acetic acid decreased pH of the silages (p&lt;0.05). Biological inoculants resulted to decrease pH and LP8 decreased significantly NH<SUB>3</SUB>-N (LP8:7.77 vs. untreated: 9.10 mg dL<SUP>-1</SUP>). Adding the buffered propionic acid based additives decrease pH and increase concentration of ammonia-N in the silage. Data of dry matter degradable coefficients showed that the slowly degradable fraction of the silage was affected by the treatments. Degradable coefficients of NDF of the silages were affected by the additives used (p&lt;0.05). The addition both quickly and slowly degradable coefficient of CP were influenced by the treatments used (p&lt;0.05).
ER  -