@article{MAKHILLJAVA20098121893,
    title = {Effects of Syndyphalin-33 on Immune Function During a Salmonella Challenge in Recently Weaned Pigs},
    journal = {Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances},
    volume = {8},
    number = {12},
    pages = {2562-2567},
    year = {2009},
    issn = {1680-5593},
    doi = {javaa.2009.2562.2567},
    url = {https://makhillpublications.co/view-article.php?issn=1680-5593&doi=javaa.2009.2562.2567},
    author = {S.J.,T.A.,M.P.,A.G.,J.A.,H.G. and},
    keywords = {Immune,opioid,pig,Salmonella,stress,weaning},
    abstract = {The objective of this experiment was to characterize the effect of the synthetic opioid Syndyphalin-33 (SD-33) on immune cell populations with and without a concurrent inoculation with a common enteric pathogen, <I>Salmonella enterica</I> Typhimurium (SALM) in recently weaned pigs. On day 0, pigs (8 barrows and 6 gilts, 24&plusmn;1 days of age, 8.43&plusmn;0.82 kg) were weaned and fitted with jugular catheters. The following day, pigs were administered either SD-33 (0.5 &#956;mol kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, given i.m.) or saline (VEH; 0.5 mL, given i.m.) and SALM (oral gavage of 5x10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU) or sterile broth (CON; 3 mL oral gavage) in a factorial arrangement with 4 treatment groups: VEH + CON (n = 4), SD-33 + CON (n = 3), VEH + SALM (n = 3) and SD-33 + SALM (n = 4). There were no differences in Feed Intake (FI) or Body Weight (BW) among the SALM treated animals over time (p&gt;0.05). Cumulatively, FI among the SD-33 + CON pigs was greater(p&lt;0.05) compared to the SD-33 + SALM pigs. White Blood Cell (WBC) populations increased (p&lt;0.05) over the 4 days postinjection period. On day 2 postchallenge, circulating neutrophils and lymphocytes were lower (p&lt;0.05) in VEH + SALM but not in SD-33 + SALM pigs relative to VEH + CON and SD-33 + CON pigs, demonstrating the ability of SD-33 to abrogate the affect of <I>Salmonella</I>. Also, on day 2 postchallenge, circulating monocyte populations were greater (p&lt;0.05) in pigs receiving SD-33 relative to controls regardless of SALM treatment. The results of this preliminary study suggest that the opioid SD-33 may modulate the immune axis in recently weaned pigs.}
    }